Introduction to Web Science

• Understanding Flipped Classroom: PPTX, PDF
• Survey of Web Science: PPTX, PDF

• Communication over shared medium
• Ethernet Header
• Minimum Package Length vs. Cable Length
• Collision Detection

• Motivation for IP
• Classful IPv4
• IP forwarding algorithm
• IP header

Extensions and Corrections: PPTX, PDF

• End to End Principle and Connection-Oriented Communication
• Threeway Handshake
• Port Numbers
• Sliding Window Protocol

• Tree Structure
• Terminology
• Zones

• Review facts about DNS
• Delegating DNS Query
• DNS Address Resolution

• Summary of Internet architecture
• Motivation and requirement for WWW
• Design Principles of WWW
• Uniform Resource Identifier

• Making HTTP Requests
• A simple Web Client
• HTTP Header
• Content Negotiation

• Problem setting for web content formats
• Working with XML
• HTML for web document structures
• Layout elements in HTML

• Motivation for separation of content and layout
• Cascading Style Sheets
• Media Content
• Meta Data

• Basic Server-side Web Programming
• Forms and HTTP Post request
• Handling a post request in Java Servlet
• Client-side JavaScript
• Ajax and XML HTTP Request

• Problems with the question of the size of the web
• 3 ways to study the Web
• A simplistic Descriptive Model
• An unrealistic simplistic descriptive model

• Counting words and Documents
• Typical Length of the Document
• How to formulate a research hypothesis

• Number of words needed to understand Simple English Wikipedia
• Linguistic way of checking simplicity of Text

• Zipf's Law for Text
• Visually straight lines on Log-log plot
• Fitting a curve on a log-log plot
• Zipf's law, Power Law and Pareto Law

• Similarity Measures and their applications
• Jaccard Similarity for Sets
• Cosine similarity for texts

• Cosine similarity for vector space
• Probabilistic Similarity Measure - Kulback Leibler Divergence
• Comparing results of Similarity

• Introduction to Generative Modelling
• Sampling form Probability Distribution
• Evaluating a generative model
• Pitfalls when increasing the number of model parameters

• Reviewing terms from Graph Theory
• The standard web graph model
• Descriptive statistics of the web graph
• Topology of Web Graph
• Modelling Graphs with Linear Algebra

• Introduction to Online Advertisement
• Metrics for Online Advertisement
• Factors impact on Advertisement Campaigns
• Understanding Problems with Click Fraud
• Optional: Interesting read: "Tracing the Trackers", Yu et. al.
  In: Proc. of WWW 2016 ("of the top 200 news sites, as ranked by Alexa, contain at least one tracker, and at least 50% of them contain at least 11").